1. Drying of Stone Floor Surface

This procedure is carried out under two different conditions:

① For water stains at existing stone joints, far‑infrared lamps are used for heating and drying.

② For moisture on other flat surfaces, natural air‑drying is adopted.

As a result, water‑stain defects are completely eliminated. This method is cost‑effective and reasonable, earning high satisfaction from the client.

2. Joint Filling

Joint filling is a critical preventive measure against water penetration through stone joints, which must be performed with great care. The joint‑filling material shall feature good adhesion, powder‑free property, water resistance, and workability for grinding and polishing. German high‑performance marble crack filler is selected for gap filling in accordance with technical specifications. The filled surface shall be flush with the stone surface; filling shall be uniform without omissions. A curing period of no less than two hours is required.

3. Leveling, Grinding and Polishing

Since previous waterproof treatment had caused stone discoloration, direct leveling‑grinding was not adopted. Instead, steel wool together with special equipment was used for abrasive wiping to remove the discolored surface layer and restore the original base tone of Bianco Carrara‑style big‑flower marble. Fortunately, the penetration depth of the old protective agent was shallow; the above procedure achieved satisfactory results and resolved the discoloration concern. The alternative procedure using diamond‑impregnated marble grinding discs and water‑grinding pads for progressive grinding and polishing was prepared but not implemented.

4. Rust‑Yellow Stain Treatment

In accordance with the overall work plan, heavily rust‑stained areas are first polished with steel wool to remove surface loose rust, followed by treatment with dedicated marble rust remover.

Rust‑removal procedure: clean the surface → fully dry → moisten rust‑affected areas → apply rust remover onto attached white tissue paper → cover with plastic film for sealed dwell treatment for 3 hours → clean with neutral detergent → rinse with clean water → air‑dry. For residual rust that cannot be removed in one pass, repeat the whole process.

5. Water‑Repellent Protection

To prevent future water stains, rust efflorescence and other contamination on marble floors, the client approved our protection proposal. Learning from the earlier discoloration caused by improper protective treatment, several premium water‑repellent agents were tested on identical stone samples. Both protection performance and color‑change risk were evaluated, and application dosage was determined based on water‑absorption rate. Only after completing these preparatory tests was large‑area floor protection carried out.

Key technical points for protection treatment:

① Thoroughly clean the stone surface.

② Achieve complete surface dryness.

③ Apply protective agent evenly to saturate the stone substrate. Avoid missed coating and excessive accumulation. Insufficient coating weakens protection; excessive residue impairs appearance and increases cleaning difficulty.

④ Allow ventilated natural drying for minimum 24 hours.

6. Crystallization Surface Treatment

Upon completion of foregoing processes, crystallization hardening treatment can be performed. Spanish crystallization hardener and gloss‑enhancing agent are applied per manufacturer specifications. Under equipment pressure and low‑speed grinding, thermal chemical reaction takes place, forming a slip‑resistant hard mirror‑finish surface on the floor.